Types Of Irrigation

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                                           Irrigation






The word Irrigation is refereed as the water system which is supplied in the agriculture farms to irrigate crops . we know that agriculture is very important need of the life as you can get the important source of energy for your body . Irrigation system also used to grow crops ,  protecting the plant from  frost and also for  preventing soil conservation . If their is  insufficient  raining in the region which is not enough for crops or plants to grow   then this type of system is used and to achieve this , irrigation system is properly designed , planned .


Need For Irrigation -   There are some reasons for necessity of irrigation -


  • We know that the population of India is increasing day by day and so as the need of food . There fore it is very essential to irrigate plants so that sufficient amount of food reach to every citizen of the country .
  • Every plants have   different water requirement therefore need of irrigation system is very essential .
  • We are known with the problem of uneven distribution of rainfall therefore irrigation system help us to grow the crop and plants in the area where there is drought .



Types Of Irrigation -   There are mainly four types of irrigation system -


  • Surface Irrigation
  • Sprinkle Irrigation
  • Drip Irrigation
  • Subsurface Irrigation


Surface Irrigation -  It is one of the most common type of irrigation used in the world. In this system water is distributed over the soil surface by gravity flow . Surface irrigation system is divided into following type -

  • Basin Irrigation
  • Furrow Irrigation
  • Border Irrigation 



  • Basin Irrigation -  In this type of irrigation the roots are submerged into the water. It is most suitable for the rice crops . For this type of irrigation loamy soil is the best soil for irrigation .
  • Furrow Irrigation -   This type of irrigation avoids flooding of the entire surface by channeling the flow along the primary direction of the field .


  • Border Irrigation -  This type of irrigation is best suited for large farms as it is designed to produce long field for the ease of machine operation . 


Sprinkle Irrigation -  In the sprinkle Irrigation the water is distributed in the farms like a water droplets through sprinklers machine situated  between the center of the farm . This is the popular irrigation system seen in the park or garden .

Drip Irrigation - This is the most water efficient method of irrigation . It involves dripping of water onto the soil at very slow rate . The water is applied close to the plants so that only the part of the soil in which root is growing is become wet . This method is suitable for high value row crops .

Subsurface Irrigation - In this type of irrigation system the plastic tubes are buried into the soil according to the regular distance so that water is sufficiently absorb by the plants .

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