Irrigation
The word Irrigation is refereed as the water system which is supplied in the agriculture farms to irrigate crops . we know that agriculture is very important need of the life as you can get the important source of energy for your body . Irrigation system also used to grow crops , protecting the plant from frost and also for preventing soil conservation . If their is insufficient raining in the region which is not enough for crops or plants to grow then this type of system is used and to achieve this , irrigation system is properly designed , planned .
Need For Irrigation - There are some reasons for necessity of irrigation -
- We know that the population of India is increasing day by day and so as the need of food . There fore it is very essential to irrigate plants so that sufficient amount of food reach to every citizen of the country .
- Every plants have different water requirement therefore need of irrigation system is very essential .
- We are known with the problem of uneven distribution of rainfall therefore irrigation system help us to grow the crop and plants in the area where there is drought .
Types Of Irrigation - There are mainly four types of irrigation system -
- Surface Irrigation
- Sprinkle Irrigation
- Drip Irrigation
- Subsurface Irrigation
Surface Irrigation - It is one of the most common type of irrigation used in the world. In this system water is distributed over the soil surface by gravity flow . Surface irrigation system is divided into following type -
- Basin Irrigation
- Furrow Irrigation
- Border Irrigation
- Basin Irrigation - In this type of irrigation the roots are submerged into the water. It is most suitable for the rice crops . For this type of irrigation loamy soil is the best soil for irrigation .
- Furrow Irrigation - This type of irrigation avoids flooding of the entire surface by channeling the flow along the primary direction of the field .
- Border Irrigation - This type of irrigation is best suited for large farms as it is designed to produce long field for the ease of machine operation .
Sprinkle Irrigation - In the sprinkle Irrigation the water is distributed in the farms like a water droplets through sprinklers machine situated between the center of the farm . This is the popular irrigation system seen in the park or garden .
Drip Irrigation - This is the most water efficient method of irrigation . It involves dripping of water onto the soil at very slow rate . The water is applied close to the plants so that only the part of the soil in which root is growing is become wet . This method is suitable for high value row crops .
Subsurface Irrigation - In this type of irrigation system the plastic tubes are buried into the soil according to the regular distance so that water is sufficiently absorb by the plants .
